TLS 1.2 was defined in RFC 5246 in August 2008. It is based on the earlier TLS 1.1 specification. Major differences include: The MD5-SHA-1 combination in the pseudorandom function (PRF) was replaced with SHA-256, with an option to use cipher suite specified PRFs. Procedure to enable TLS 1.3 in your favorite browsers. Are you taking advantage of TLS 1.3 enhanced performance and security? TLS 1.3 draft working version was released in 2017 and glad to see many websites have adopted this. If you are a website owner, then you can consider enabling it today. And, as mentioned, support for TLS v1.0 is being discontinued globally in June 2016 (see important note above). Instead, support for TLS versions 1.1 and 1.2 will be favored. In order to remain PCI compliant, 3dcart will update its server environment to accept only TLS v1.1 and TLS v1.2 by May of 2016 just prior to the global cutoff. Jan 13, 2020 (Note that you can leave TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 enabled on the server if you like, as browsers will negotiate the latest common protocol version). In some cases, server software may have no support for TLS/1.2 and will need to be updated to a version with such support.
By Andrew Marshall
Principal Security Program Manager Microsoft Corporation Executive Summary
This document presents the latest guidance on rapidly identifying and removing Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol version 1.0 dependencies in software built on top of Microsoft operating systems, following up with details on product changes and new features delivered by Microsoft to protect your own customers and online services. It is intended to be used as a starting point for building a migration plan to a TLS 1.2+ network environment. While the solutions discussed here may carry over and help with removing TLS 1.0 usage in non-Microsoft operating systems or crypto libraries, they are not a focus of this document.
TLS 1.0 is a security protocol first defined in 1999 for establishing encryption channels over computer networks. Microsoft has supported this protocol since Windows XP/Server 2003. While no longer the default security protocol in use by modern OSes, TLS 1.0 is still supported for backwards compatibility. Evolving regulatory requirements as well as new security vulnerabilities in TLS 1.0 provide corporations with the incentive to disable TLS 1.0 entirely.
Microsoft recommends customers get ahead of this issue by removing TLS 1.0 dependencies in their environments and disabling TLS 1.0 at the operating system level where possible. Given the length of time TLS 1.0 has been supported by the software industry, it is highly recommended that any TLS 1.0 deprecation plan include the following:
The goal of this document is to provide recommendations which can help remove technical blockers to disabling TLS 1.0 while at the same time increasing visibility into the impact of this change to your own customers. Completing such investigations can help reduce the business impact of the next security vulnerability in TLS 1.0. For the purposes of this document, references to the deprecation of TLS 1.0 also include TLS 1.1.
Enterprise software developers have a strategic need to adopt more future-safe and agile solutions (otherwise known as Crypto Agility) to deal with future security protocol compromises. While this document proposes agile solutions to the elimination of TLS hardcoding, broader Crypto Agility solutions are beyond the scope of this document.
The Current State of Microsoft's TLS 1.0 implementation
Microsoft's TLS 1.0implementation is freeof known security vulnerabilities. Due to the potential for futureprotocol downgradeattacks and other TLS 1.0vulnerabilities not specific to Microsoft's implementation, it isrecommended that dependencies on all security protocols older than TLS1.2 be removed where possible (TLS 1.1/1.0/ SSLv3/SSLv2).
In planning for this migration to TLS 1.2+, developers and systemadministrators should be aware of the potential for protocol versionhardcoding in applications developed by their employees andpartners. Hardcoding here means that the TLS version is fixed to a version that is outdated and less secure than newer versions. TLS versions newer than the hardcoded version cannot be used without modifying the program in question. This class of problem cannot be addressed without source code changes and software update deployment. Protocol version hardcoding was commonplace in the past fortesting and supportability purposes as many different browsers andoperating systems had varying levels of TLS support.
Ensuring support for TLS 1.2 across deployed operating systems
Many operating systems have outdated TLS version defaults or supportceilings that need to be accounted for. Usage of Windows 8/Server 2012or later means that TLS 1.2 will be the default security protocolversion:
Figure 1: Security Protocol Support by OS Version
*TLS 1.1/1.2 can be enabled on Windows Server 2008 via this optional Windows Update package.
For more information on TLS 1.0/1.1 deprecation in IE/Edge, see Modernizing TLS connections in Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer 11, Site compatibility-impacting changes coming to Microsoft Edge and Disabling TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 in the new Edge Browser
A quick way to determine what TLS version will be requested by variousclients when connecting to your online services is by referring to theHandshake Simulation at Qualys SSL Labs.This simulation covers client OS/browser combinations acrossmanufacturers. See AppendixAat the end of this document for a detailed example showing the TLSprotocol versions negotiated by various simulated client OS/browsercombinations when connecting towww.microsoft.com.
If not already complete, it is highly recommended to conduct aninventory of operating systems used by your enterprise, customers andpartners (the latter two via outreach/communication or at least HTTPUser-Agent string collection). This inventory can be furthersupplemented by traffic analysis at your enterprise network edge. Insuch a situation, traffic analysis will yield the TLS versionssuccessfully negotiated by customers/partners connecting to yourservices, but the traffic itself will remain encrypted.
Microsoft's Engineering Improvements to eliminate TLS 1.0 dependencies
Since the v1 release of this document, Microsoft has shipped a number of software updates and new features in support of TLS 1.0 deprecation. These include:
Finding and fixing TLS 1.0 dependencies in code
For products using the Windows OS-provided cryptography libraries andsecurity protocols, the following steps should help identify anyhardcoded TLS 1.0 usage in your applications:
The recommended solution in all cases above is to remove the hardcoded protocol version selection and defer to the operating system default. If you are using DevSkim, click here to see rules covering the above checks which you can use with your own code.
Update Windows PowerShell scripts or related registry settings
Windows PowerShell uses .NET Framework 4.5, which does not include TLS 1.2 as an available protocol. To work around this, two solutions are available:
Solutions (1) and (2) are mutually-exclusive, meaning they need not be implemented together.
Rebuild/retarget managed applications using the latest .Net Framework version
Applications using .NET framework versions prior to 4.7 may have limitations effectively capping support to TLS 1.0 regardless of the underlying OS defaults. Refer to the below diagram and https://docs.microsoft.com/dotnet/framework/network-programming/tls for more information.
SystemDefaultTLSVersion takes precedence over app-level targeting of TLS versions. The recommended best practice is to always defer to the OS default TLS version. It is also the only crypto-agile solution that lets your apps take advantage of future TLS 1.3 support.
If you are targeting older versions of .NET Framework such as 4.5.2 or 3.5, then by default your application will use the older and not recommended protocols such as SSL 3.0 or TLS 1.0. It is strongly recommended that you upgrade to newer versions of .NET Framework such as .NET Framework 4.6 or set the appropriate registry keys for 'UseStrongCrypto'.
Testing with TLS 1.2+
Following the fixes recommended in the section above, products should beregression-tested for protocol negotiation errors and compatibility withother operating systems in your enterprise.
A simple blueprint for testing these changes in an online serviceconsists of the following:
Notifying partners of your TLS 1.0 deprecation plansEnable Tls 1.2 Powershell
After TLS hardcoding is addressed and operating system/developmentframework updates are completed, should you opt to deprecate TLS 1.0 itwill be necessary to coordinate with customers and partners:
Conclusion
Removing TLS 1.0 dependencies is a complicated issue to drive end toend. Microsoft and industry partners are taking action on this today toensure our entire product stack is more secure by default, from our OScomponents and development frameworks up to the applications/servicesbuilt on top of them. Following the recommendations made in thisdocument will help your enterprise chart the right course and know whatchallenges to expect. It will also help your own customers become moreprepared for thetransition.
Appendix A: Handshake Simulation for various clients connecting to www.microsoft.com, courtesy SSLLabs.comAppendix B: Deprecating TLS 1.0/1.1 while retaining FIPS Mode
Follow the steps below if your network requires FIPS Mode but you alsowant to deprecate TLS 1.0/1.1:
Contributors/Thanks to
Mark Cartwright
Bryan Sullivan Patrick Jungles Michael Scovetta Tony Rice David LeBlanc Mortimer Cook Daniel Sommerfeld Andrei Popov Michiko Short Justin Burke Gov Maharaj Brad Turner Sean Stevenson
UPDATE: Timelines in this post were updated on March 31, 2020 to reflect the best available information. Timelines remain somewhat in flux due to world events.
HTTPS traffic is encrypted and protected from snooping and modification by an underlying protocol called Transport Layer Security (TLS). Disabling outdated versions of the TLS security protocol will help move the web forward toward a more secure future. All major browsers (including Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Internet Explorer and Edge Legacy) have publicly committed to require TLS version 1.2 or later by default starting in 2020.
Starting in Edge 84, reaching stable in July 2020, the legacy TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 protocols will be disabled by default. These older protocol versions are less secure than the TLS/1.2 and TLS/1.3 protocols that are now widely supported by websites:
To help users and IT administrators discover sites that still only support legacy TLS versions, the
edge://flags/#show-legacy-tls-warnings flag was introduced in Edge Canary version 81.0.392. Simply set the flag to Enabled and restart the browser for the change to take effect:
Subsequently, if you visit a site that requires TLS/1.0 or TLS/1.1, the lock icon will be replaced with a “Not Secure” warning in the address box, alongside the warning in the F12 Developer Tools Console:
As shown earlier in this post, almost all sites are already able to negotiate TLS/1.2. For those that aren’t, it’s typically either a simple configuration option in either the server’s registry or web server configuration file. (Note that you can leave TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 enabled on the server if you like, as browsers will negotiate the latest common protocol version).
In some cases, server software may have no support for TLS/1.2 and will need to be updated to a version with such support. However, we expect that these cases will be rare—the TLS/1.2 protocol is now over 11 years old. Obsolete TLS Blocks Subdownloads
Often a website pulls in some page content (like script or images) from another server, which might be running a different TLS version. In cases where that content server does not support TLS/1.2 or later, the content will simply be missing from the parent page.
You can identify cases like this by watching for the message
net::ERR_SSL_OBSOLETE_VERSION in the Developer Tools console:
Group Policy Details
Organizations with internal sites that are not yet prepared for this change can configure group policies to re-enable the legacy TLS protocols.
For the new Edge, use the SSLVersionMin Group Policy. This policy will remain available until the removal of the TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 protocols from Chromium in January 2021. Stated another way, the new Edge will stop supporting TLS/1.0+1.1 (regardless of policy) in January 2021.
For IE11 and Edge Legacy, the policy in question is the (dubiously-named) “Turn off encryption support” found inside Windows Components/Internet Explorer/Internet Control Panel/Advanced Page. Edge Legacy and IE will likely continue to support enabling these protocols via GP until they are broken from a security POV; this isn’t expected to happen for a few years.
IE Mode Details
The New Edge has the ability to load administrator-configured sites in Internet Explorer Mode.
Enable Tls 1.2 Registry
IEMode tabs depend on the IE TLS settings, so if you need an IEMode site to load a TLS/1.0 website after September 2020, you’ll need to enable TLS/1.0 using the “Turn off encryption support” group policy found inside Windows Components/Internet Explorer/Internet Control Panel/Advanced Page.
Otherwise, Edge tabs depend on the Edge Chromium TLS settings, so if you need an Edge mode tab (the default) to load a TLS/1.0 website after July 2020, you’ll need to enable TLS/1.0 using the SSLMinVersion group policy.
If you need to support a TLS/1.0 site in both modes (e.g. the site is configured as “Neutral”), then you will need to set both policies.
Thanks for your help in securing the web!
Enable Tls 1.3 Windows Server
-Eric
Enable Tls 1.0 Windows 10
Note: TLS/1.0 and TLS/1.1 will be disabled by default in the new Chromium-based Edge starting in Edge 84. These older protocols will not be disabled in IE and Edge Legacy at that time — these protocols will remain on by default in IE/Legacy Edge until September 2020.
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